DACIAN-MOESIAN GENOME – researched by the Bulgarian in 1975

By
Academician Yordan Ivanov and
Anna Zografova – a corresponding member of MABIC Academy

Another consecutive Megaproject of IBM, National Geographic Magazine and White Foundation in 2005 has put in motion a research study on tracing back the Y-chromosome. It has been examined the mitochondrial DNA of 100 000 sample representatives of the basic ethnic groups and nations. The goals of the project aim at establishing the origin of the oldest population, creating the most powerful database and marking out the route of the first paleohistorical migration of HOMO SAPIENS. The accomplishment of this gigantic research study was provoked by a Bulgarian as early as in 1975. At that time, on the oral orders of Todor Zhivkov, some scholarly teams proposed by the eminent researcher Yordan Ivanov started working on elucidation the “Shop” ethnic group. The first findings from 1975 about the human genome in Bulgaria were brought out by the researcher Yordan Stoilov Ivanov who was conferred with the title “academician” in 2005. His research paper dealing with matters of studying the language of animals and the problems of outer space (of the period of 1975-1980) was especially sent to the Academy of Science of the USSR. His conclusion that Bulgarians’ ancestors took part in creating the ethnogenesis of over three milliard 500 million inhabitants on the planet was so shocking at the time that some scholars put a ban on giving publicity to the research which gave an account of their dead and alive successors.
So, in 1975 the researcher made the statement that the genetic Bulgarian blood could be discovered and registered in areas covering 5/8 of the northern hemisphere. The special programme developed by our science, required the scholarly teams of the People’s Republic of Bulgaria after 1975 to make clear whose genome is the most productive and the steadiest. Thus, the scholars, on a proposal from Yordan Stoilov Ivanov, had to consider whether his statements were true. The basis on which it is being worked nowadays was actually hinted by the research work of the Bulgarian scholar. “Making their conclusions, the scholars will get to the Dacian-Moesians and the Shops once again” says the academician explicitly.
The USA’s project from 2002 on examining the human genome overthrew Darwin’s theory as it was proved that the modern HOMO SAPIENS did not descend from the apes and they are not successors of the Neanderthals but appeared not less than 150 000 years ago. And the Bulgarian genome, coded with the marker EM78-alpha in the same research, recorded that 21% of our contemporaries are descendants of ethnic groups which lived on Bulgarian lands 7 800 years ago. Academician Yordan Ivanov comments that the percentage is much bigger than 21 %. This is so because the representatives of only one Bulgarian ethnic group, the Shops, are of origin which is superior to the others. His specific investigations and researches from 1975-1980 are not only in compliance with the modern findings on the human genome study accomplished by Russian and American teams but are also considerably ahead of the latter’s time. So far over 50 terabytes of information about the genetic human code have been recorded on the Internet and that, according to the programmers of the USA’s projects, is somewhat of an informational “tsunami” containing data about adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine – A, T, C and G – the four nucleobases in the human DNA which build up the genes and thus form the personality and the behaviour of Homo Sapiens. And all the novelties about the sequenced genome demand huge investments in high technologies. It is so because, for example, one research of the human genome in collaboration with CELERA Genomics Corporation costs $3,000,000,000. The aims of undertakings of this kind are: making a computerized analysis, working out data about the
physical and functional mapping of the human genome, clarifying the molecular diagnostics, identifying new genes, as well as cloning and sequencing. It is gone as far as to searching for new genes in humans on the ground of bioinformatics, finding out the cause-and-effect of the genetic relations and bringing out the role of individual genes and their mutations, etc. But let us go back to the Bulgarian research whose final conclusion is that the dominant gene has kept through the ages our fellow-countrymen’s belonging to these oldest tribes which carried the genes of the Dacian-Moesians, Sapaeans, Saps (Shops) – the oldest autochthonic population of the Balkans from Moesia to Dacia which initiated the origin of the ancient Bulgarians. The Bulgarian scholar proved that the Dacian-Moesians and the Baltic-Illyrians are the first steadiest ethnic groups on the Balkans and this fact was confirmed by the ethnologist Professor Peter Petrov in the late 1980s. The latter, together with some anthropologists defined the researcher academician Yordan Stoilov Ivanov as a wonder man who kept the features of an unchangeable Dacian-Moesian genotype aged 6 900.
Yordan Stoilov Ivanov’s doctrine provoked, within the context of the thesis about the dominant and the recessive gene, one more secret research of a team of anthropologists from the academic circles in Bulgaria in the 1980s. These anthropologists found out that at this time the Balkans were inhabited by 65-66% of the representatives of the Dacian-Moesians from the southeastern subracial type, 12% of the Middle European subracial type /Geths – Goths/ typified as Slavs, 6-8% of the Middle Asian subracial type and s.o.
The project on the megagenetic research of IBM, National Geographic Magazine and White Foundation dwells also on the question whether the legions of Alexander the Macedonian /who was a Dacian-Moesian on his mother’s side/ left their seeds, i.e. genetic traces, on their routes conquering the East and Asia. On this very occasion acad. Yordan Ivanov reminded that the troops of Alexander the Great were not at all “Hellenes” as the Roman and Greek chronicles described them. Only the hired Greek soldiers were no more than two or three thousand. However, there is something else which is more important: during the marches over 100 000 of Alexander’s Dacian-Moesian soldiers dwelt on the lands of Bactria of that time. They also left their race and gene there: in Parthia, Bactria and India.
The Bulgarian archaeological find in 2004 of human bones of a woman aged 8000 in the district of Vratsa, has given rise to some anthropological researches which another Bulgarian scholar, the anthropologist and director of the Institute of Anthropology at BAS professor Yordan Yordanov, comments: “The results of the research on the bone material are known to few scholars only. They have never been discussed widely. On the background of the information about the historical and cultural development as well as the religious concepts over the various ages, the data presents the human physical types, knowledge about illnesses and traumas which left traces on their bones and the healing ritual influence on them“. On a similar occasion professor Yordan Yordanov worked out sample restorations of images using plastic anthropological reconstruction. Among his most interesting masterpieces are the heads of the ruler Sevt III and a Dacian-Moesian princess dating back as far as 8 000 years ago. In the 20th century the Swedish scholar Wloff Isaksson scientifically proved that the development of the first Euro-civilization started from the core of the Balkans. This is so because the oldest ore-mining centres all over the world appeared 7-5000 years ago there, in the valley of the river Ittyl /today’s Danube/, in Moesia and Dacia.
In the 1980s acad. Yordan Ivanov proved that the first ancient native ethnic groups – Dacian-Moesians, Saps and Seps were the first to domesticate the sheep and the goat as they raised livestock. Perhaps Herodotus “forgot” the greatness of the Saps – Sepians. Nevertheless, he described how some members of the tribe took part in Xerxes’ marches against Hellas. Other ancient authors such as Eustatius Byzantine and Strabo identified the Seps with SAI and SINTII. The same ethnic group whose modern descendants are the Shops /according to academician Yordan Ivanov/ existed after the third flood.
Not a few European historians of non-Bulgarian origin traditionally neglected ancient historical events of great importance as they rewrote the history of the most ancient nations in a manner which pleased the dominant authorities. We have to note that apart from swinging the cradle of the oldest Euro-civilization the autochthonic inhabitants of the Balkans – Dacian-Moesians, Saps-Sapaeans, Phrygians, Pelasgians, Bulgars-Bolgi, created 22 empires and over 50 countries.
The contemporary historians literally debone the Balkans from the Dacian-Moesian people laying out the thesis that in the ancient times nearly all of them were Thracians which is absolutely incorrect and untrue! The interpretation that the population of Moesia and Dacia is actually Thracian is not true. This mistake of the ancient chroniclers was used manipulatively afterwards by some contemporary historians. These most ancient events were preceded by migrations, demographic expansions and gigantic cataclysms which took place before Noah’s flood and the floods preceding it – eight altogether. Thus, 70 000 years ago, the genuses fell apart and the first most ancient nations were formed. Over the ages the proverbial soldier’s courage of the Dacian-Moesian and Sapaean ethnic groups became an example to follow. Academician Yordan Ivanov’s research made it clear that the first Bulgarian kingdom, which made a foundation of a building in Europe long before the other European monarchies did, was established on the Balkans. In the scholar’s view our ancient ancestors set off from the Balkans like a spiral after the third biblical flood. Thus, during the resettlements, representatives of the native Balkan ethnic groups reached the fertile lands of today’s Persia /Babylon/. Marking out the territories of our ancestors after the last resettlement through Mesopotamia, academician Yordan Ivanov said „After the consequent resettlement these ethnic groups /descendants of the Paleo-Europeans/ began a new life in the areas around the Baikal Lake, on the territories of today’s Mongolia, Buriatia, the Turphan Mountain, the Upper Yenisei, Ordos, Obb, the Sayan-Altai region, the Phergan Valley, on the old territories of Sogdiana and Bactria – territories of the Kushan Empire. Later one part of the ethnic groups migrated to some regions of North-Western India, in the valleys of the rivers Indus, Narmada, Ganges, and afterwards on the territories of today’s Afghanistan and Pakistan. A part of the migrating people moved towards Garcana – today’s Caspian Sea”. The ancestors – one and the same nation, travelled, migrated, conquered territories and lands of today’s Persia, India, South Siberia, the Baikal Area, Mongolia, Buriatia and China and at the same time they left their background, culture, customs, traditions – weaving, stock-breeding. This was the way of whole generations of priests, philosophers, military leaders, poets whose descendants came back later to discover again their homeland on the lands of the Balkans. But on their way they created the great countries – Babylon, the Kushan Empire, the empire of the Honors. Thus, academician Yordan Ivanov’s thesis about the Balkan origin of the Bulgarians after the break-up of the country of Bactria is supported by information from the Kushans– descendants of one of the five tribes called YUEIDGIANS. And the descendants of Kadfiz I and Kadfiz II /45-78/ and the rulers KanishKA /98-123/ created empires and kingdoms, which conquered almost the whole of India. One of them was called Toharistan. The VasishKA Empire, the empire of Mao Dun and his son Khan Yiu Lao Shan, the empire of Kardama Ila, Hazaria with Karabulgar, Burdjan in the Caucasus, the Old Great Bulgaria of Khan-baltavar Kubrat I the Great from which the Danube Bulgaria descended, the First Bulgarian Kingdom, Volga-Kamska Bulgaria, the temporary country of Dulo, the settlement of the Bulgars on Altsek in the region of Rovena, Djunguria, etc. There is a countless number of toponyms, anthroponyms and all those names and designations of the tribes known in history as Kushans, BulgARS, BalhARS – descendants of ARS, Tsar’s Skiths /Sarmaths/, Kermihioniths, Hons, Khuns, Huns, Huniths, BulgARS, Kotrags, UtigURS, OnogURS, OnogundURS. Nowadays it is considered that the Huns passed from Asia to Europe through the Sea of Azov, which in the most ancient times in acad. Yordan Ivanov’s view was “up to their knees”, so that they could pursue the Goths, their cousin-tribes /because the sons and daughters of the ancient chieftains gave birth to the cousin-generations of the ancestors who formed the nations/.
In the Chinese annals it can found information about “the Huns of the North” who lived to the north of China, as well as information about the empire of the Honors together with the genealogy of nearly all its rulers.
Academician Yordan Ivanov’s thesis is that the Bulgarians created the first empire along the river Ittyl /the Danube/. Its founder, who was declared to be tzar of the world, was called “Lugal-Kalama” and titled emperor. According to “The Anonymous Chronicle” from
333 – 334, he was the ruler to create the first huge empire whose lands spread from Mesopotamia to the Mediterranean, Egypt, India, i. e.the mythical Ziezi. A similar fact was cited also by academician Sergey Ivanov, in “Prehistory of the Ancient Bulgars”, published in 2005 by MABIC Academy. On pp. 228-229 it is read: “Mizians, Mesians or Misians, known as Bulgars, this combination was widely used in the old chronicles and what is more ZIEZI is an incorrect reading of “Mezii”, i. e. “The Moesian Mezii or Mezei”. According to academician Yordan Ivanov Emperor Ziezi /Miezi/ came from Moesia and lived long before the period which the contemporary historians put him in /2 750 – 2 726/ B. C. It is known the same ruler, having incredible soldiers, put under his sway large territories and over 30 tribes and nations. His sons Haital and HuRusan took the nation HuHunors /”The powerful rulers of the world”/ to the lands of the Huns-Eftalits, i. e. today’s territories of Balhara and Bactria, where the Eastern Mongolian-speaking group Jun and the Western Iranian-speaking group Hu were formed later. This EMPIRE OF THE HUNS had rulers who carried the genes of the oldest dynastic family in the world – the family “Dulo”. Academician Yordan Ivanov expressed himself metaphorically; “And if we call the barrel of a gun or another firearm DULO, the Bulgarian genes were shot away from the same barrel of the family Dulo in a beautiful sparkler which handed down the blood, through marriages, to all European dynasties over the ages. There were also the Austrian Habsburgs, the French Burbons, the German Hohentsolerns, the English Windsors, etc. Even today, this very forgotten blood of the first Europeans , the blood of the oldest dynastic family in the world, keeps on flowing in the veins of many European kings, queens, monarchs and aristocrats from the families in Poland, England, Denmark, Sweden, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Montenegro, Spain, Italy, Belgium, Greece and France. That’s why we, the Bulgarians, should never forget the fact that we found a Bulgarian kingdom in Europe long before the other monarchies did and the formulation that today we have to integrate to the European family is incorrect. We have to assert our original right of constant presence which actually belongs to us by rights from genetical and historical point of view”.
Facts about the empire of the Hunors were found not only in the chronicles but some information about it was given also by Chinese archeologists. The discovery of the ancient city of ТONGWANGCHENG of 419 B. C., built by the Huns XIONG NU, supports it.
/Ed. com.This is the so called “Dead City” of the Turkic-speaking Huns tribes. In the Chinese press and in Der Bund newspaper of October 7th, 2002, the same city was repeatedly identified with Phoenix emerging from the ashes dug out from the sands of the desert in its ancient glamour. This city was built in the Chinese Empire by the oldest ethnic group in the world. The Chinese scholar and researcher Chjou Shuguan, chairman of the Chinese association for the oldest cities, also gave such a definition about the discovery of the city of TONGWANGCHENG. The rulers of this city, who were at war with Tsin Shi Huandi /the dynasty Tsin/ in the period of 212-207 B. C., started building the Great Chinese Wall which defended ancient China against the empire of the Hunors. Emperor Mao Dun and his son Khan Yui Lao Shan also registered a great progress of the empire./
Academician Yordan Ivanov recommends researching the relationships between the rulers of the Chinese Empire and ‘the white Northern Barbarians” /the Hunors/ so that it could be given a clarifying explanation of the genealogy of the proto-Bulgars, as well as of some facts and sources, which would be useful to historians. According to his advice the works of Si Ma Tsian, Fan Tsiao, Tszin Shu in “History of Dynasties”, Yui Huan and Vei Leu /”The Viei Survey”/, Ban Gu, Tsian Han Shu /”History of the old dynasty Han”/, Syui Tianlin, Sihan Huiao /”Survey of the western dynasty Han”/ should be read in the original.
During the last century, the British scholar Collin Effrew called the 6 kilogram gold treasure, discovered in the Varna Necropolis, Bulgaria, “the oldest gold in the world” as it dates back to 5 000 years ago. Academician Yordan Ivanov specifies that it is even much older. The find in Perperikon, the Rhodopes, dating back to the Dacia-Moesian times, is also older. Professor Nikolay Ovcharov claims the latter is related to the Cretan-Mycenaean culture. Because of the unique archaeological finds in the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century: the Thracian city and the tsar’s residence of the Odrysaean ruler Amatock below Kozi Gramadi Peak, the finds in the area of Starosel, Tatul, in the Valley of the Kings, in the Central Sredna Gora Mountains and in the district of Vratsa, the ancient history should be read and written again. It is so because this is the history of the extremely important ancient federal kingdoms of the Odrysaeans, Sapaeans, Bessians and Medians. The academician points out that some scholars wrongfully date them back to the 1st millennium B. C. Actually they are much older. Those are the ancestors of the legendary Tsar Rezos, the Thracian-Mycenaean Agamemnon, the poet and priest Orpheus, Tamiris from Thrace /Homer/. The legends about these great men were an inspiration for some ancient poets, philosophers and chroniclers such as Vergil, Ovid, Euripides, etc. The priestly royal families of Dacian-Moesian oracles had a lasting presence in the renowned Delphi Sanctuary up to 355. Muzei’s son, Evmolp, became the founder of the Evmolpedian dynasty, whose rulers’ residence /according to D. Chilikov/ was in the northern part of the Plovdiv Trimontsium. Tsar Spartocus is thought to be the founder of the dynasty of the Spartakoids. Some other famous rulers of Dacian-Moesian origin were tsar Perisad /344-310/, Evmel /309-304/, Spartocus III /303-283/, Polemon, Asprugus and Mitridath VI, a brother of Cotis. Some Dacian-Moesian rulers who ruled during the 2nd and 3rd century were from the dynasty of Cotis and the dynasty of the Savromaths. One of tsar Remetalk’s descendants even became archon of Athens.
Famous poets of Dacian-Moesian origin were the authors of fables – Aesop and Phaedrus. One of the brothers of the ancient poet Sappho married the beautiful Thracian princess Phodopis who afterwards became wife of pharaoh Yachmos II /in the period of 569-525 B. C./
The Bulgarian archaeological finds in the Bulgarian Valley of the Kings in the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century proved that our country is a real Klondike for archaeologists. The find of the bronze head of the ruler of the Odrysaean – Sevt III and his gold mask, which are still a subject of discussions, is more valuable and heavier than the renowned mask of Tutankhamen, Agamemnon /a leader and tsar of Dacian-Moesian and Mycenaean origin/. It is known that the great tsars Sevt and Spartocus, who lived on our lands, coined long before the Greeks and the Romans did. This was done in the mints of Sevtopolis and Kabile. The other extremely important sensational find in the summer of 2005 was uncovered by a team of NHM, lead by professor Daniela Agre as they excavated two of the ten tumuli near the village of Zlatitsa, the district of Elhovo. The necropolis of the Odrysaean tsar /and a priest/ Kerseblept, who was buried in the 4th century B. C., was discovered, too. The funeral was pompous: the ruler was in full armour with a gold wreath, a solid gold tsar’s seal-ring and gifts – silver rhytons in the shape of a deer’s head. The find includes also four magnificent silver stoups and wonderfully made pottery and bronze vessels. Analysing the decosersvation of the necropolis, acad. Yordan Ivanov reminded about some characters of inscriptions and scenes on the splendid gold and silver stoups and cups, 165 altogether, from Rogozen made by local Dacian-Moesian masters who engraved inscriptions on historic objects from the time of the Odrysaean and Sapaean kingdoms. On some of the objects, 11 stoups and a jug can be found the names of the rulers Kerseblept, Cotis, Disloyas as well as the name of the settlement of Ergiske. In the same unique set of the Rogozen treasure, found by the tractor-driver Ivan Dimitrov 43 km. to the north-east of Vratsa, between the rivers of Ogosta and Iskar in 1985, can be read the following inscription: “The ruler Cotis made …”.
The Sapaean dynasty also had unique history on the Balkans. Unfortunately there is scant information about it. In the annals Herodotus was the first to cite the name of the Sapean tribe describing the Sapaeans as participants in the legendary Xerxes’ march against Hellas. Eustatius Byzantine and Strabo called the Sapaeans SAI and SYNTHEANS. Here it is due to be mentioned that Abrypolis and one more Sapaean ruler, called in the same way as the Odrysaean Tsar Cotis, ruled during the lifetime of the Macedonian Tsar Perseus. This Sapaean ruler Cotis was father of Raskos and Raskuporis and brother of Remetalk I. Some of the Sapean rulers were allies with Rome. Their prestige was noted in a lot of decrees and other administrative acts of Rome and Athens of that time. In the National Museum of Athens it is kept a marble head having the same image as the one on the coins from the reign of Tsar Cotis and Tsar Raskuporis. The latter was killed by the Bessian priest of Dionysius, Vologesus, who lead the Bessian riot against Rome in 15-13 B. C. It is known that the Sapaean dynasty of Tsar Raskuporis subdued the Odrysaeans and the Bessians.
Another scholar and diplomat, the renowned French consul in Sofia during the Russian-Turkish War of Liberation /1877-1878/, Louis Léger, considered the thesis about the language uniformity of the Bulgarian language and the Sanskrit to be diachronic. This thesis was supported by some scholars from time of the Bulgarian National Revival such as G. S. Rakovski. Interpreting the idea of the ancient language uniformity of Moesia, Thrace and Macedonia, Léger claimed that even the oldest Bulgarian texts “Ostomirovite” and “Assemanov Gospel” were originally written in Sanskrit.
During the Old Stone and the Bronze Ages the Dacian-Moesians were amongst the greatest sculptors, jewellers, philosophers, priests and rulers with vast intellectual and war potential. That fact itself leads this ancient ethnic group much further with regard to history, traditions, moral and behaviour. At that time according academician Yordan Ivanov the Dacian-Moesians definitely had larger war potential even than Achaean Greece, Rome and Byzantium. The Sapaeans, Odrysaeans, Dacian-Moesians and other native tribes formed the brain and backbone of the Macedonian, Roman and Byzantine legions, who, as they marched, they slowly but consecutively conquered lands during the wars in Peloponnesus, Illyria, Egypt, Cartagena and Palestine, Syria, Epirus and Mesopotamia. The ancient Greek and Roman writers deliberately hide and miss these facts. Even though nowadays we have some information from the annals which described rebellious native “mountain people” who revolted many times, i. e. the Seps / Sheps=Shops/ who always were the first to get engaged in battles and preferred death to slavery. For whole five centuries the stubborn Shops /Seps/, Sapaean and Dacian-Moesians opposed the Romans and doing this their war qualities were judged on their merits. Thus, the soldier’s courage of the Dacian-Moesian and Sapaean ethnic groups was indeed an example to follow for dozens of great emperors, philosophers, poets, tsars and senators of Dacian-Moesian origin, strategists, magistrates who held high positions in the government of ancient Macedonia, Rome and Byzantium. These very ethnic groups formed a kind of brain trust and backbone of the Macedonian, Roman and Byzantine legions which mainly consisted of native rebellious Dacian-Moesians, Saps, Sepaeans. This is so because they always got engaged in battles preferring death to slavery.
The honourable Greek historian Panayotis Keneropulos concluded “The Roman Empire is one of the most amazing phenomena in the world history. It became Greek country where silently and without any pressure or opposition the Hellenic language established itself but the emperors, except for Maurice /582-602/, Irene Athenean /797-802/ and Michael /811-813/, were not of a Greek origin until Symeon expressed his wish to become an heir of Constantine the Great.
Academician Yordan Ivanov specifies that more than half of the emperors of Rome and Byzantium as well as philosophers, poets, priests and tsars, great military leaders, senators, scientists were of Dacian-Moesian origin. “If it is made a research on the genome of monarchs, it will be drawn the conclusion that the steady and well-governing rulers in the world have this local Dacian-Moesian genome”. But before citing these names it should be given an account of the contribution of this researcher to decoding the etymology of the name “Thracians” which Herodotus tendentiously gave to the local Dacian-Moesian Balkan ethnic groups. In his view the etymology of the name “Thracians” came from the name of the Great Troy. Later it became a label for the migrations of dozens of tribes which set off to the north and to the west after the renowned battle which was described in poems by Homer. Some historians used the name of the Thracians in the form of “Dracians”. In the annals they were also called Dardanians, together with the Pelasgians, the builders of the Acropolis at Athens. /It is known that Zeus was a Pelasgian god, not a Greek one/.
The Trojan War of 1200 B. C. is a kind of dividing counterpoint in the ancient time as it includes coded true facts about the oldest Bulgarian history. According to Bahshi Iman, the epic of the Volgian Bulgars “Djagfar Tarihi” also included not a few facts about the name of ancient Troy which came from Ulug Etrech – Great Etrech, a Bulgarian toponym. Titus Livius’ annals gave detail information about how, after the fall of Troy, the Hellenes spared the life of the Dardarian chieftain Enneus, son of Tsar Priam’s cousin – Tsar Anhiz, and the goddess Aphrodite /as the legend says/ because of his courage and bravery. Accompanied by the chieftain Athenor and a certain part of the survived warriors of Tsar Pilemen, killed in the battles near Troy, the hero Enneus left with his fleet through Sicily and reached the city of Laurentium which he called Troy. Titus Livius wrote “Together with his fleet Ennius led a suite of the survived Trojan notables, of the Enneths, taking his fireside, his father and his son with him. Yul Askanius became the ancestor of a whole pleiad of Roman emperors and dictators from the Julius and Caesar family. Enneus fought the Rithul tribes and after many vicissitudes of fortune, together with his fellows, he got to the city of Tsar Latin – Latsium, where he got engaged to his daughter Lavinia. Tsar Latin was killed on the battle field in the war against Thurn. After his death the hero Enneus ascended the throne, married Lavinia and united the local tribes and his Trojans. The Enneths, who accompanied Enneus, were allies with Troy, led by the chieftain Athenor. According to the historical annals, they were a tribe from Paphlagonia /Asia Minor/ which settled on the lands around today’s city of Venice.
The hero Enneus was deified posthumously. His son Yul Askanius /son of Kreuza/ founded the legendary city of Alba Longa at the foot of the Albanian Mountain”. The genealogy of family of the Julius went on directly through Yul Askanius, Silvius, Latin, Alba, Atis, Capis, Capet, Tiberius, Agrippa, Romus, Silvius, Aventius, Procas, Numitor and his daughter Phea, Amuleus. Yul Askanius was as an ancestor of the Roman family of the Julius and his descendants were the emperors Caesar – Gaius Julius Caesar /100-44 B. C./, the adopted son of Caesar – Octavian Augustus – first princeps who ruled from September 23rd, 27 B. C. to August 19th, 14 B. C. Meanwhile, after the death of the Sapaean ruler Remetalk, Emperor Octavian Augustus divided the lands on the Balkans between his son Cotis and his brother Rascuporis. The next emperor, Tiberius, was not pleased with these circumstances. Then Rascuporis organized unprecedentedly sumptuous feast where he lured his brother, put him in chains and later murdered him. In front of the Senate in Rome, the ruler Cotis’ wife, Antonia Triphena, blamed her husband of committing fratricide. Again during the government of Octavian Augustus, the famous Agrippa drew one of the most important strategic Roman maps of the Balkans. On this very map the area of Moesia was marked as a province of unusual importance which enjoyed certain privileges. This is the map on which the legions of the military leader Mark Licinius Crassus marched as conquerors and fought against the Moesians. In honour of one of their victories near Tsibritsa they renamed the ancient Ritsaria to Moesia. The Dacian-Moesians put up a fierce resistance to the colonizer’s march of the Roman armies, described Ellius Catus. During the 4th century A. D. the Moesian consul Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus deported 50 000 slaves of the Bessians and the Geths in Moesia. In other annals these Geths were called Moesians. Thus, Moesia gradually became one of the most important Roman provinces. The Bulgarian historiography recorded the construction of the most marvellous ancient imperial estates, i. e. the latifundia, on the lands of Moesia
Tacitus and other ancient authors described the uprising of the ancestors of today’s Shops against Rome as “An uprising of the most powerful disobedient mountain people”. Some facts about the sons of the Dacian-Moesian Antonia Triphena show that her sons were respected and honoured as tsars in the Roman Empire during the reign of Emperor Claudius. Cladius’ administration kept the titles and a certain part of the powers and privileges which the tsars of the ancient Sapaean dynasty enjoyed. Under Emperor Nero the descendants of the Sapaean rulers not only acquired Roman citizenship like Tiberius Claudius Epiteicentus and Tiberius Claudius Remetalk but also kept the royal titles. During his reign Emperor Gaius Caligula sent the Dacian-Moesian Polymen to be Tsar of Armenia and the son of Tsar Amatocle became archon of Athens.
Roman emperors of Dacian-Moesian origin /according to acad. Yordan Ivanov/ were also Gaius Julius Verus, Maximinus Thrax – son of a shepherd and a mentor of Alexander Sever, Galus /251-254/, Diocletian /284-305/, Constantinus the Great /306-377/ who was born in 274 in Nisos /Nish/ and had the noble intentions to move the capital Rome into Serdika /Sofia/ where his family residence was. The Moesian Flavius Aecius /born in 390 in Dorostrum – Silistra/ – son of Gaudentsius, Valerius Corvus Mark, the notable Marie de’ Medici – a descendant of the royal family of the Median tribe. A great Roman gladiator from the Median tribe was Spartacus – the leader of the most famous riot instigated by the slaves in Rome. Other famous gladiators of Dacian-Moesian origin of the time were Bitus, Bachainus, Stunozius, Athicus and Keledos.
BYZANTIUM. The empress Pulheria, sister of Emperor Theodosius II, married the senator of Dacian-Moesian origin – Marcian, born in 391 and later named Leo I. His grandson, Leo II, also governed as an emperor despite his Dacian-Moesian genes. The so called Great War Emperors – Machgacian /451-457/, Justin I /518-527/, known also as Upravda, born in the village of Tavlichevo, the district of Kjustendil, Tiberius /578-582/ – were of Dacian-Moesian origin, too. The confidant of Justinian, Velizarius, was also a famous military Dacian-Moesian leader. Emperors of Dacian-Moesian origin were Justinian I /527-565/, Justinian II, Tiberius I and Phocas. Emperor Theodosius II’s sister, Pulheria, married the senator Marcian from Dacia who later became emperor. Representatives of the Bessian tribe were Emperor Leo I and his grandson Leo II, son of Zenon and Arcadia. The emperors Vitalian, Comenthiolus, Joan Misticon were Dacian-Moesian. Khan Sabin, who sat on the Bulgarian throne /765-766/, was also of Dacian-Moesian origin. Perhaps this is the reason why his name was not included in „Name list of the Bulgarian khans”. Khan Omurtag’s wife /814-831/ and mother of his sons Enravota, Zvinitsa and Malamir was also a native Dacian-Moesian from the district of the former city of Ferdinand, i. e. Mihailovgrad, today’s Montana, the quarter of Vinitsa.
A great military leader from 821 was the Dacian-Moesian Toma who led a riot which was put down by Khan Omurtag. Tsar Samuil’s daughter, Kosara, married the Zethian prince Ivan Vladimir. Tsar Ivan Vladislav’s son, Trajan, married his daughter to the patrician Andronicus Dukas, brother of the Byzantine Emperor Constantinus. The genealogy of the Bulgarian tsar Simeon SaxCoburgotski is from Constantinus’ line of descent. A descendant of the second son of Tsar Ivan Vladislav, Alucian, had two sons Vassilius and Samuil and his daughter married Emperor Roman Diogenes. According to the Byzantine historians, Tsar Peter II Delyan was also Dacian-Moesian as well as the Drach Tsar Tihomir. Constantine Bodin, the seventh son of the Zethian King Mihail, on his mother’s side, was son of Tsar Samuil’s granddaughter and Tsar Samuil’s daughter, Kosara. After 1211 Tsar Kaloyan’s daughter Maria, named after her mother, the Moesian princess Maria /daughter of the boyar Altsek from Kravuna/ became great empress of Constantinople and wife of Anry Flanders, brother of Emperor Baldwin. Elena, daughter of Tsar Ivan Assen II, became Joan Dukas Vatatsi’s wife, the emperor of Nicaea. Another of his daughters, Maria, became wife of Manuil Comnin, Emperor Theodore Comnin’s brother. Tsar Constantine Assen’s cousin, Colloman II Assen, married Rostislav Mihailovich’s daughter. Sebastocrator Kaloyan, Tsar Constantine’s cousin, married the Dacian-Moesian princess Dessislava who was portrayed as the Bulgarian Mona Lisa in the renowned Boyana Church. A descendant of the same ancient donor’s family from the time of the Second Bulgarian Kingdom is acad. Yordan Ivanov himself. Another representative of the Dacian-Moesian ethnic group is Tsar Mitso Assen. Tsar Ivailo /1277-1280/ was a real Moesian, born at the foot of the Provadian Balkan. Another ruler from the Middle Ages, Tsar Ivan Assen III was son of Maria, Tsar Ivan Assen II’s daughter. The latter, taking the whole tsar’s treasury with him, went to Byzantium in 1261 where he was given the estates near the Scamandre River, in the area of ancient Troy. The tsar’s daughter, also Maria, became queen of Catalonia. Tsar Smilets /1292-1298/ descended from a distinguished Dacian-Moesian family whose estates spread from Sliven to Copsis. His son, Joan Comnin Dukas Angel Vranas Paleologus, was born from his marriage to the daughter of the Byzantine sebastocrator Constanine, brother of Emperor Michail VIII Paleologus. Tsar Choki /1299/ was son of the Tatarian Khan Nogay who after 1285 married George Terter I’s daughter. Tsar Theodor Svetoslav, George Terter’s son, was son of a Dacian-Moesian woman. Tsar George Terter II became his heir. Tsar Mihail Shishman, a descendant of the Dacian-Moesians and the Cumans, was son of despot Shishman who ruled the Vidin district. His mother was granddaughter of Tsar Ivan Assen II and his wife, Anna Neda, was daughter of the Serbian king Stephan Milutin. Tsar Ivan Stephan /1330-1331/ was his first son. Another remote descendant of the Assens family was Tsar Ivan Alexander, son of despot Stracimir and despotess Petrica Keraca. He married the Dacian-Moesian Theodora, daughter of the Wallachian ruler Ivanko Bessarab, and they together had two sons Ivan Sracimir and Ivan Assen and a daughter Kera Tamar. From his marriage to the Jewess Sarah /Theodora/ he had five children, including the successor to the throne Ivan Shishman. Sracimir was crowned tsar in 1337. His first wife is daughter of the Serbian prince Lazar. His son Alexander, historically known as Tsar Iskander, was born from this marriage. The latter became an Islam and ruled vast territories as a vassal of the Turkish sultan in Asia Minor. The second son of Tsar Ivan Shishman, Furjin Assen, was murdered in King Vladislav Varnenchik’s knightly battle near Varna in 1444. Kera Tamar, Tsar Shishman’s sister, married Sultan Murad accomplishing her historical mission and trying to save Bulgaria.

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Bibliography:
1. “Matters of Studying the Language of Animals and the Problems of Outer Space”, a scholarly study by acad. Yordan Ivanov from 1975, especially worked out for the AS of the USSR.
2. “Prehistory of the Ancient Bulgars”, acad. Sergey Ivanov, published by MABIC Academy in 2005.
3. “Great Roman and Byzantine Rulers”, a historical study by the honourable Greek historian Panayotis Keneropulos.
4. “From the Foundation of the City”, history of ancient Rome, included in 35 historical works by Titus Livius analyzing the events during the creation and rise of the Roman country, in translation.
5. Anonymous Latin Chronicler from the 4th Century B. C., Vatican Library.
6. The works “Aeneid” by Vergil and “Epodes” by Horace, in translation.
7. Epic of the Volgian Bulgars “Djagfar Tarihi”, first Russian edition.
8. “Bulgarian Khans and Tsars – from the 7th to the 14th Centuries”, a historical-chronological reference book by Yordan Andreev, “Doctor Peter Beron” State Publishing House.

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